The reindeer are starving: The contribution of burning biomass to the impacts of pulp production in Sweden

Sweden produced around 12 million tonnes of pulp in 2022, accounting for over a quarter of Europe’s total pulp production and making it Europe’s largest producer. Bioenergy is Sweden’s largest energy source and accounts for almost a third of total energy supply. Almost 60% of final energy use in the industrial sector is bioenergy, and the pulp and paper industry accounts for much of this.